a comprehensive 5-in-1 solution for mitigating acne-affected skin, addressing major acne-related issues, and improving overall skin health

"Actin AC" provides a comprehensive 5-in-1 solution for mitigating acne-affected skin, addressing major acne-related issues, and improving overall skin health. Its efficacy is supported by both clinical studies and subjective user experiences.

1. Sebum Regulation

• Decreases Sebaceous Gland Activity: Actin AC significantly reduces the activity of sebaceous glands, which are responsible for excess sebum production. In acne patients, decreased levels of linoleic acid lead to sebaceous gland dysfunction, which is corrected by Actin AC.

2. Anti-Inflammatory Properties

• Reduces Inflammation: Actin AC inhibits the NF-kB pathway, a key mediator of inflammation. It showed an 8- to 16-fold stronger effect than other anti-inflammatory agents like resveratrol and curcumin in reducing inflammatory markers (NF-kB activity reduced by 80-100%).

3. Reduction in Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH)

• Reduces Hyperpigmentation: Actin AC is effective in minimizing hyperpigmentation, especially in skin types more prone to PIH (Fitzpatrick types IV and above). This was confirmed through clinical trials where patients showed significant improvement in PIH after 6 weeks of use.

4. Regulates Follicular Keratinization

• Improves Skin Barrier and Follicular Health: Actin AC normalizes keratinization within hair follicles, preventing clogging and the formation of acne lesions. This also enhances the skin barrier function, reducing water loss and other complications.

5. Reduces Bacterial Population

• Antibacterial Properties: Actin AC effectively reduces the growth of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) and other acne-related bacteria. It has a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 50/25 µg/ml against P. acnes, Staphylococcus, and Candida species, limiting bacterial proliferation on acne-prone skin.

Efficacy & Research Results

1. Study Details:

   • Subjects: 10 participants, aged 21.3 ± 4.54, with mild acne (5-20 total lesions).
   • Duration: 6 weeks with twice-daily application.
   • Product: 3% Actin AC lotion.
   • Results:
     • Statistically significant reduction in acne lesions (p < 0.05) after 3 and 6 weeks.
     • Significant improvement in PIH, reduction in average pore size, and decrease in pore count.
     • 50% of participants reported reduced erythema (p = 0.015).

2. Subjective Findings:

   • Over 60% of participants noticed improvements in skin texture, appearance, and reduced inflammatory/non-inflammatory acne by the 6th week.

Formulation Guideline

Reference:

• Saurat et al., Dermatology, 231:105-111, 2015
  Summary: This study suggests that only a small percentage of sebaceous glands have lesions in acne patients, even in severe cases. It also highlights the short lifetime of acne lesions, emphasizing the need to prevent more sebaceous glands from entering the acne cycle.

• Chen et al., J Dermatol Sci, 29(2):97-103, 2002
  Summary: This research links NF-κB activation to IL-8 production in cells stimulated by Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), which is a key factor in acne-related inflammation.

• Nishijima et al., J Dermatol, 5:318-323, 2000
  Summary: This study explores the skin microbiome in acne patients, finding that affected skin has higher levels of Staphylococcus and Candida in addition to P. acnes. It also suggests that a broad antibacterial and antifungal treatment is beneficial for acne.

• Davis et al., J Clin Aesthet Dermatol, 3(7): 20–31, 2010
  Summary: This paper discusses post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) and the role of inflammation in stimulating melanocyte activity, leading to pigmentation issues.

• Yang et al., Food Chemistry, 160:338-345, 2014
  Summary: The study compares Synovea® HR to resveratrol and curcumin in terms of NF-κB inhibition. Synovea® HR is found to be 8-16 times more effective in reducing NF-κB activity, which plays a role in inflammation.

• Ottaviani et al., Mediators of Inflammation, Article ID 858176, 2010
  Summary: The study highlights a decrease in linoleic acid in the skin surface lipids of acne patients, contributing to the pathological changes in the skin that promote acne formation.

• Ando et al., Arch Dermatol Res, 290:375-381, 1998; Biochem J, 394:43-50, 2006
  Summary: These studies show that linoleic acid and its derivatives can lighten UV-induced pigmentation by accelerating the degradation of tyrosinase, the enzyme responsible for melanin production.

• Hungund et al., Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 19(2):374-377, 1995
  Summary: This research demonstrates that ethyl linoleate is converted to linoleic acid in vivo, aiding in skin nourishment and improving the skin barrier function.

• Letawe et al., Clin Exp Dermatol, 23(2):56-58, 1998
  Summary: This study identifies a reduction in linoleic acid in the skin surface lipids of acne patients, which disrupts normal keratinization and skin barrier function.

• Schultz et al., Cell, 71(5):765-776, 1992
  Summary: The study discusses the role of ceramides in triggering NF-κB generation, which can lead to inflammation and exacerbate acne conditions.

• Charakida et al., Brit J Dermatol, 157(3):569-574, 2007
  Summary: A clinical trial demonstrating that a lotion containing ethyl linoleate significantly reduced acne severity and sebum production over a 12-week treatment period, with minimal side effects.

• Chaudhuri & Ou, 130:64-75, 2015; Chaudhuri & Marchio, 126:502-510, 2011
  Summary: These papers discuss the anti-acne properties of Sytenol® A (Bakuchiol), which inhibits lipid peroxidation and prevents squalene peroxide formation, contributing to acne and skin aging.

• Makrantonaski et al., Dermatoendocrinol, 3(1): 41–49, 2011
  Summary: This paper emphasizes the role of linoleic acid in regulating sebocyte function and sebum production, highlighting its importance in acne treatment.

• Zhao et al., Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 336(3):909-917, 2005
  Summary: The study explores the anti-inflammatory effects of linoleic acid, showing that it inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-6 and TNF-α through the NF-κB pathway.

Use: For anti-acne products

Mixing method: Mix in oil(oil-phase), Avoid heat above 50C

Usage rate: 2-4%

Product characteristics: clear yellow-brown liquid

Solubility: can dissolve in oil

Storage: For long term storage Store in cold temperature Do not expose to sunlight, heat, seal the lid tightly, shelf life at least 2 years.

INCI Name : Caprylic/Capric triglyceride and Ethyl linoleate and hexylresorcinol

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